{"id":1015,"date":"2018-12-26T14:09:52","date_gmt":"2018-12-26T14:09:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/?p=1015"},"modified":"2019-08-29T13:20:36","modified_gmt":"2019-08-29T13:20:36","slug":"dunning-kruger-hatas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/dunning-kruger-hatas\/","title":{"rendered":"Dunning\u2013Kruger-hat\u00e1s"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bizonyos emberek min&eacute;l kevesebbet tudnak adott ter&uuml;leten, ann&aacute;l nagyobb az &ouml;nbizalmuk.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Az a baj a vil&aacute;ggal, hogy a h&uuml;ly&eacute;k mindenben holtbiztosak, az okosak viszont mindig tele vannak k&eacute;telyekkel. Bertrand Russel<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>K&iacute;s&eacute;rletekkel igazolt&aacute;k, hogy <strong>az emberek 94%-a z &aacute;tlagosn&aacute;l &eacute;rtelmesebbnek tartja mag&aacute;t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>K&eacute;t amerikai pszichol&oacute;gus, <strong>David Dunning<\/strong> &eacute;s <strong>Justin Kruger<\/strong> vizsg&aacute;lta a jelens&eacute;get. teszteket &iacute;rattak, s azt tapasztalt&aacute;k, hogy a legrosszabb teljes&iacute;t&#337;k rendre t&uacute;lbecs&uuml;lt&eacute;k k&eacute;pess&eacute;geiket, m&iacute;g a j&oacute;l teljes&iacute;t&#337;k nagyj&aacute;b&oacute;l re&aacute;lisan &eacute;rt&eacute;kelt&eacute;k, vagy al&aacute;becs&uuml;lt&eacute;k magukat.<\/p>\n<p>Az &eacute;rdekes r&eacute;sz, amikor k&eacute;s&#337;bb szembes&iacute;tett&eacute;k a r&eacute;sztvev&#337;ket az eredm&eacute;nyekkel:&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">a leggyeng&eacute;bb eredm&eacute;nyeket el&eacute;r&#337;k ennek hat&aacute;s&aacute;ra sem v&aacute;ltoztatt&aacute;k meg az &ouml;n&eacute;rt&eacute;kel&eacute;s&uuml;ket, ragaszkodtak ahhoz, hogy &#337;k igenis nagyon otthon vannak a t&eacute;m&aacute;ban, &eacute;s a teszt csak v&eacute;letlen&uuml;l siker&uuml;lt f&eacute;lre<\/span>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>A kutat&oacute;k n&eacute;gy k&ouml;vetkeztet&eacute;st vontak le, amelyek b&aacute;rmilyen j&aacute;rtass&aacute;g eset&eacute;n megfigyelhet&#337;k, legyen az egy tudom&aacute;ny&aacute;g, az aut&oacute;vezet&eacute;s, vagy egy j&aacute;t&eacute;k ismerete. <strong>Az adott ter&uuml;leten sz&eacute;ls&#337;s&eacute;gesen inkompetens emberek<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nem k&eacute;pesek felismerni a saj&aacute;t hi&aacute;nyoss&aacute;gaikat.<\/li>\n<li>Nem k&eacute;pesek felismerni a n&aacute;luk magasabb szint&#369;ek tud&aacute;s&aacute;t.<\/li>\n<li>Nem k&eacute;pesek felm&eacute;rni a saj&aacute;t inkompetenci&aacute;juk szintj&eacute;t.<\/li>\n<li>Viszont k&eacute;pesek arra, hogy ha fejl&#337;dnek az adott ter&uuml;leten, akkor ut&oacute;lag felismerj&eacute;k, hogy mennyire nem &eacute;rtettek hozz&aacute; kor&aacute;bban.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>J&oacute;l magyar&aacute;zza el a hat&aacute;st John Cleese &ndash; John Cleese a h&uuml;lys&eacute;gr&#337;l:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wvVPdyYeaQU\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>I think the problem with people like this is that they are so stupid that they have no idea how stupid they are. You see, if you&rsquo;re very very stupid how can you possibly realize that you&rsquo;re very very stupid? You&rsquo;d have to be relatively intelligent to realize how stupid you are. There&rsquo;s a wonderful bit of reserch by a guy called David Dunning at Cornell who is a frienfd of mine, I&rsquo;m proud to say, who&rsquo;s pointed out that in order to know how good you are at something requires exactly the same skills as it does to be good at that thing in the first place, which means &ndash; this is terribly funny &ndash; that if you&rsquo;re absolutely no good at something at all, then you lack exactly the skills that you need to know that you&rsquo;re absolutelly no good at it and this explains not just Hoolywood but almost the entirety of Foy News.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2>&Eacute;rdekes dolog, hogy a kuty&aacute;kn&aacute;l felfedezt&eacute;k ezt a k&eacute;pess&eacute;get.<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">A kuty&aacute;k tudj&aacute;k, ha nem tudnak valamit<\/span>: A <strong>kuty&aacute;knak is vannak bizonyos szint&#369; metakognit&iacute;v k&eacute;pess&eacute;geik<\/strong>, vagyis tiszt&aacute;ban vannak azzal, ha nincs el&eacute;g inform&aacute;ci&oacute;juk egy probl&eacute;ma megold&aacute;s&aacute;hoz &eacute;s emiatt igyekeznek t&ouml;bb inform&aacute;ci&oacute;hoz jutni, hasonl&oacute;an a f&#337;eml&#337;s&ouml;kh&ouml;z. Az eredm&eacute;nyek azt mutatj&aacute;k, hogy a kuty&aacute;k hajlamosak elsz&aacute;ntan keresni az extra inform&aacute;ci&oacute;t, amikor nem l&aacute;tj&aacute;k, hogy hol van elrejtve a jutalom.&nbsp; Az a t&eacute;ny, hogy a kuty&aacute;k ink&aacute;bb akkor ellen&#337;riztek, amikor nem volt tudom&aacute;suk a jutalom holl&eacute;t&eacute;r&#337;l, metakognit&iacute;v k&eacute;pess&eacute;gekre utal, mivel teljes&uuml;l a tud&aacute;sr&oacute;l rendelkez&eacute;sre &aacute;ll&oacute; tud&aacute;s egyik felt&eacute;tele.<\/p>\n<pre>forr&aacute;s:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/index.hu\/tudomany\/til\/2015\/10\/13\/miert_hiszik_azt_a_hulyek_hogy_ok_okosak\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/index.hu\/tudomany\/til\/2015\/10\/13\/miert_hiszik...<\/a>\r\nforr&aacute;s:&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/index.hu\/techtud\/2018\/11\/20\/a_kutyak_tudjak_ha_nem_tudnak_valamit\/#\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/index.hu\/techtud\/2018\/11\/20\/a_kutyak_tudjak_...<\/a><\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?ssl=1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1599\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=640%2C640&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"640\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=150%2C150&amp;ssl=1 150w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=300%2C300&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=768%2C768&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=36%2C36&amp;ssl=1 36w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=133%2C133&amp;ssl=1 133w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=250%2C250&amp;ssl=1 250w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=174%2C174&amp;ssl=1 174w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger.jpg?resize=45%2C45&amp;ssl=1 45w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>M&aacute;sk&eacute;ppen:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning-kruger.jpg?ssl=1\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1843 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning-kruger.jpg?resize=640%2C363&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"363\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning-kruger.jpg?w=960&amp;ssl=1 960w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning-kruger.jpg?resize=300%2C170&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning-kruger.jpg?resize=768%2C436&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning-kruger.jpg?resize=133%2C76&amp;ssl=1 133w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>&hellip; Dunning-Kruger effektusnak h&iacute;vj&aacute;k a jelens&eacute;get&hellip; a Cornell Egyetem k&eacute;t kutat&oacute;ja, Justin Kruger &eacute;s David Dunning k&iacute;s&eacute;rletekkel bizony&iacute;totta be &hellip; hogy min&eacute;l kevesebbet tud valaki egy adott dologr&oacute;l, ann&aacute;l ink&aacute;bb hajlamos arra, hogy t&uacute;lbecs&uuml;lje saj&aacute;t tud&aacute;s&aacute;t &hellip; (&hellip;&rdquo;&hellip; amikor a h&uuml;ly&eacute;k mindenben holtbiztosak, az okosak meg tele vannak k&eacute;telyekkel. &hellip;&rdquo;) &hellip;<br>\nHa valakinek egy adott ter&uuml;leten nincs semmif&eacute;le szaktud&aacute;sa, azzal t&ouml;bbnyire tiszt&aacute;ban van, &iacute;gy a magabiztoss&aacute;ga ennek megfelel&#337;en alacsony.<br>\nA minim&aacute;lis tud&aacute;ssal, &eacute;s tapasztalattal rendelkez&#337;k hajlamosak azt hinni magukr&oacute;l, hogy &#337;k kiv&aacute;l&oacute;ak. (&hellip; nem &eacute;rtik, hogy nem &eacute;rtik &hellip;)<br>\nA tud&aacute;s &eacute;s tapasztalat gyarapod&aacute;s&aacute;val jellemz&#337; a magabiztoss&aacute;g visszaes&eacute;se, a saj&aacute;t hi&aacute;nyoss&aacute;gok felismer&eacute;s&eacute;nek k&eacute;pess&eacute;ge ilyenkor n&#337;.<br>\nA szak&eacute;rt&#337;i tud&aacute;sszintn&eacute;l &eacute;ri el a magabiztoss&aacute;g ugyanazt a szintet, mint a minim&aacute;lis tud&aacute;s eset&eacute;n. &hellip;<br>\n&hellip; vagy ahogy John Cleese mondja: &bdquo;Musz&aacute;j valamennyire intelligensnek lenni ahhoz, hogy &eacute;szrevedd, milyen h&uuml;lye vagy.&rdquo;&hellip;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>V&eacute;g&uuml;l legyen itt valami nevetni val&oacute; is.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/comment.blog.hu\/2015\/09\/29\/anktartisz_fovarosa_gronland_a_honfoglalas_1956-ban_volt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/comment.blog.hu\/2015\/09\/29\/anktartisz_fovarosa_gronland_a_honfoglalas_1956-ban_volt<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bizonyos emberek min&eacute;l kevesebbet tudnak adott ter&uuml;leten, ann&aacute;l nagyobb az &ouml;nbizalmuk. Az a baj a vil&aacute;ggal, hogy a h&uuml;ly&eacute;k mindenben holtbiztosak, az okosak viszont mindig tele vannak k&eacute;telyekkel. Bertrand Russel K&iacute;s&eacute;rletekkel igazolt&aacute;k, hogy az emberek 94%-a z &aacute;tlagosn&aacute;l &eacute;rtelmesebbnek tartja mag&aacute;t. K&eacute;t amerikai pszichol&oacute;gus, David Dunning &eacute;s Justin Kruger vizsg&aacute;lta a jelens&eacute;get. teszteket &iacute;rattak, s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/dunning-kruger-hatas\/\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span class=\"sr-only\">Read more about Dunning&ndash;Kruger-hat&aacute;s<\/span>[&hellip;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1017,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"categories":[7,14],"tags":[34],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/dunning_kruger_effect.jpg?fit=700%2C350&ssl=1","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1015"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1015"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1015\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1844,"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1015\/revisions\/1844"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1015"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1015"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.schulmann.hu\/istvan\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1015"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}